Punjab facts: capital, state animal, bird, flower and state day
Punjab at a glance
- Capital
- Chandigarh
- State day
- 1 November (Punjab Day)
- State animal
- Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra)
- State bird
- Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)
- State flower
- Sword lily (Gladiolus grandiflorus)
- State tree
- Indian rosewood (Dalbergia sissoo)
Sources: Capitals: Government of India. State symbols and state days: Wikipedia (lists of Indian state animals, birds, flowers and trees, and List of Indian state days), retrieved October 2026.
Key facts about Punjab: its capital, languages, government and courts, and the main figures from the Census of India 2011, the most recent census.
Key facts
| Capital | Chandigarh (shared with Haryana) |
|---|---|
| Formed | 1 November 1966 (present boundaries) |
| Official languages | Punjabi |
| Area | 50,362 sq km |
| Districts (2026) | 23 |
| Legislative Assembly seats | 117 |
| Lok Sabha seats | 13 |
| Rajya Sabha seats | 7 |
| High Court | Punjab and Haryana High Court, Chandigarh |
Census 2011
| Population | 27,743,338 (2.77 crore) |
|---|---|
| Density | 551 people per sq km |
| Living in towns and cities | 37.5 per cent |
| Sex ratio | 895 women per 1,000 men |
| Literacy rate (age 7 and over) | 75.84 per cent (men 80.44, women 70.73) |
Sources
Population figures: Census of India 2011, state profile (Final Population Totals). Area: Census of India 2011. Districts: the Ministry of Education's AISHE directory, which follows the Local Government Directory (checked October 2026). Seats and courts: Election Commission of India and the state government.
Reference links
- National Portal of India: Government of India
- Election Commission of India: constituencies and elections
- Local Government Directory: official list of districts, blocks and villages