Bihar facts: capital, state animal, bird, flower and state day
Bihar at a glance
- Capital
- Patna
- State day
- 22 March (Bihar Day)
- State animal
- Gaur (Bos gaurus)
- State bird
- House sparrow (Passer domesticus)
- State flower
- Kachnar (Bauhinia variegata)
- State tree
- Sacred fig (Ficus religiosa)
Sources: Capitals: Government of India. State symbols and state days: Wikipedia (lists of Indian state animals, birds, flowers and trees, and List of Indian state days), retrieved October 2026.
Key facts about Bihar: its capital, languages, government and courts, and the main figures from the Census of India 2011, the most recent census.
Key facts
| Capital | Patna |
|---|---|
| Formed | 22 March 1912 (Bihar Diwas); present boundaries since 15 November 2000 |
| Official languages | Hindi (Urdu as second official language) |
| Area | 94,163 sq km |
| Districts (2026) | 38 |
| Legislative Assembly seats | 243 (Legislative Council: 75) |
| Lok Sabha seats | 40 |
| Rajya Sabha seats | 16 |
| High Court | Patna High Court |
Census 2011
| Population | 104,099,452 (10.41 crore) |
|---|---|
| Density | 1,106 people per sq km |
| Living in towns and cities | 11.3 per cent |
| Sex ratio | 918 women per 1,000 men |
| Literacy rate (age 7 and over) | 61.80 per cent (men 71.20, women 51.50) |
Sources
Population figures: Census of India 2011, state profile (Final Population Totals). Area: Census of India 2011. Districts: the Ministry of Education's AISHE directory, which follows the Local Government Directory (checked October 2026). Seats and courts: Election Commission of India and the state government.
Reference links
- Government of Bihar: official portal
- National Portal of India: Government of India
- Election Commission of India: constituencies and elections
- Local Government Directory: official list of districts, blocks and villages